OK

If the judge says so, it must be so... but when there is a detainer, from another state, it's hard to envision them letting him out.

You can either call the booking desk at the intake facility (they may not give you any information, too) or the Clerk of the Court and request all filings with the Court on the specific case you are interested in. There may be a small fee for printing and/or postage.

There is no standard time frame. If could be a day or it could be several weeks depending on the schedule of the magistrate and the prosecutor who determine the viability

The only person that can change the bond order is the magistrate judge who imposed it. If they have ordered "no bond", then they are being held until trial. If you are referring to a "no cost bond", that is where the defendant can be released as personal recognizance/PR bonds or in some jurisdictions own recognizance/OR bonds. They function just as regular bonds do, with the defendant promising to attend all future court dates in exchange for release. The difference is that

It is very possible for the inmate to bail themselves out. The bail bondsmen post their information inside the jail. They will take a credit or debit card over the phone and then get them released.

The defendant's attorney may argue for a lower bond. That doesn't mean that the judge will comply but you can always ask.

You can try that route, usually, they require 10%

Yes, that is the standard amount required by most bail bondsman

You should contact the Clerk of the Court. They have all of the information, this is where lawyers go to get the pertinent documents.