Once a case moves from state to federal court, the tracking process changes entirely and most state court search tools will no longer show anything useful. Federal court proceedings are managed through a separate system, and public access to those records is more limited than many families expect.
The federal court records system is called PACER, which stands for Public Access to Court Electronic Records. It is available at pacer.gov and contains filings, docket entries, scheduled hearings, and case documents for federal district courts across the country. There is a small per-page fee to access documents, but searching for a case and viewing the docket is relatively inexpensive. This is the most direct way for a family member to follow what is happening in a federal case without going through an attorney.
If the case involves US Marshals custody, the defendant has likely been indicted in federal district court and is awaiting arraignment, hearings, or trial. The relevant district court's PACER docket will show scheduled dates as they are entered by the clerk.
A few additional options worth knowing:
The federal court clerk's office for the district where the case is filed will answer basic questions about scheduled court dates over the phone. They cannot give legal advice but they can confirm hearing dates and the status of the case.
If your family member has a federal public defender or retained attorney, that attorney is the most reliable source for real-time information. Court dates can change with little notice and an attorney will know before PACER is updated.
The transfer from state to federal custody can happen for several reasons, including federal charges being filed separately, a writ bringing the person into federal court temporarily, or an immigration detainer. Understanding which situation applies affects what to expect next and how long the federal custody period is likely to last.
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